Gowhar provides an interesting statistic regarding food preferences in Kashmir
(Mr. Gowhar Bhat, 26, was born in Srinagar and attended Sri Pratap College in Srinagar. He received his degree in Mass Communication and Journalism from Kashmir University in March 2007. He is employed as a journalist by the Greater Kashmir Communications Group headquartered in Srinagar, Kashmir.)
Per Capita Meat Consumption is Highest in JK
Srinagar: The Kashmir Valley consumes a whopping 340.32 lakh kilograms of mutton annually, a large chunk of which is imported, minister for animal and sheep husbandry, Aga Syed Ruhullah Wednesday said.
Responding to a question raised by member legislative council, M Y Taing in the upper house here today, the minister said the annual figures of the quantity of mutton consumed in the Valley, including Ladakh, stood at 340.32 Lakh Kilograms.
Of these, he said, 210 lakh kilograms were imported from various Indian states while the remaining 130.32 lakh kilograms come from the local market. In reply to a query about the steps taken to increase production locally, chief minister, Omar Abdullah, who was also present in the house, seconded Ruhullah and said the government was taking several measures to discourage the imports and at the same time to increase production locally.
“Our state has the highest per capita meat consumption in the country and is therefore a potential meat market. But we haven’t stressed on the local production as a result of which we have to import it from other states like Rajasthan,” Omar said.
He said the government has intentionally levied taxes on the sheep and poultry being imported into the Valley. “We don’t want to make the mutton costly but we want to discourage the importing trend,” he said, adding that the taxes collected thereby would be made available to animal and sheep husbandry department to encourage local production.
While presenting the budget 2009-10 in the assembly on Monday, the minister for finance, Abdul Rahim Rather had proposed an increase on toll tax on poultry birds from Rs two per bird to Rs five per kilogram besides enhancing the toll tax on import of sheep and goat by Rs 10 per head.
Asked if the slaughter houses at Srinagar and Jammu were having scientific disposal system, Ruhullah responded negatively.
“But there be scientific disposal system and we are looking into it. Two abattoirs are coming up at Wanihama in Srinagar and in Jammu for which the funds have been provided by ministry of food processing… and they are almost complete,” he said
Thursday, August 13, 2009
Tuesday, August 4, 2009
Saving Kashmir's Lifeline
Majeed has seen the beautiful landscape transform into a nightmare and hopes that both citizens and authorities will hear his cry for a change
(Dr. A. Majeed Kak, 63, was born and in Nowhatta, Srinagar. He received his primary education from the Government Middle School in Nowhatta and his secondary school education from Bagi Dilawar Khan Higher Secondary School in Fateh Kadal. He completed his college education at the Islamia College of Science and Commerce in Srinagar. In 1977 he was the first candidate from the University of Kashmir to be selected by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of the Government of India for a doctoral research scholarship at the university leading to a Ph.D. in Botany in 1980. He is currently the Research Coordinator in the Department of Botany at the Islamia College of Science and Commerce in Srinagar. Dr. Kak has over 35 years of teaching experience and research experience of over 25 years. He has received numerous research awards resulting in publication of 70 research papers and has authored two books on Botany. He is presently engaged in promoting and strengthening local and regional museums, a project supported by a grant from the Ministry of Culture, New Delhi.)
River Jehlum – Approaching Nalla Mar, Can we Conserve it?
River Jehlum locally called Veth or Vatasta, originates from Verinag, a beautiful large spring at the foot hill of Pir Panchal range, 5 Km away from Banihall Jawahar tunnel. The crystal clear deep blue water is swift but calm bubbling up, without noise, coming out from an octagonal basin surrounded by brick wall with a number of attractive vaults, constructed by Jahangir, the Mughal emperor in 1620 A.D. River Jehlum passes through the major districts and towns of the Kashmir province viz; Anantnag, Srinagar and Baramulla, covering a distance of about 175 km and ultimately enters Pakistan occupied part of Kashmir where it is famous as Kashur Daraya. Presently Srinagar City from Pantha chowk to Shalateng (20 Km) is densely populated on the two banks of the river Jehlum that passes through it in a zigzag manner, indicating that the river was the life to the city dwellers. It was used for enormous navigation, community bathing, drinking and other domestic purposes and for aquatic sports (to a little extent). There was no water supply scheme in Srinagar a few decades before except Harwan water reservoir supplying water to some public posts in the city. So the Jehlum water was the only source for drinking purpose. Besides, the river was main source of navigation from one district to the other and to the different areas within the same district through artificial and natural channels. Now a days the water of Jehlum is so unhealthy that hardly anybody desires even to wash his hands and the feeding channels are either filled, dried or squeezed, that nobody can imagine of water transport. The present rate of pollution from inflowing drains, dropping of refuse of the shops of business centers and that of whole city from bridges connecting two flanks of the river. Insanitary conditions of houseboats etc. is increasing and becoming a source of environmental hazard.
A good population of the people living along the banks of the river Jehlum is engaged in house boat industries. Many of them are still living in their Khuch (small one storied boats), used to carry loads and sell many other commodities within the interior city, or in Doongas (an attractive large, double storied boats well decorated used for the tourists). Many of them still live in dingy rooms, unsanitary and unhealthy huts encroached on the little spaces available along the banks of the river Jehlum, dealing with scraps, wastes and thrown outs from the markets or houses; selling hay grass, fodders, lumber etc which is piled or dumped near the banks close to their huts, making water and the whole area around unhealthy. Stray animals move freely on the banks easing any where they like, which is washed down in to the water. At many places good population of the tourists living in house boats further supplement the pollution problem in the river.
Let us remind ourselves about the origin of this great river and the number of crystal clear mountain streams, springs in the form of Nallas and rivers joining it at various junctions. The prominent ones are Brangi nalla, Arpat, Kokarnag, Achabal and the most important one is the Lidder nalla which comes from tarsar, all these tributaries are joining the river Jehlum above Khanabal, (district Anantnag). Few streams from Tral area joining it at Pampore after irrigating a vast area. River Sind most important river from Sonamerg joins it at shadipur and the last tributary after it passes into Delta (Wular Lake) it receives Pohru stream which drains the lolab valley and enters Jehlum at Dubgam. Lake Manasbal also drains its water in Jehlum. All these sources are so natural when they are borne, but as they proceed, because of biotic interference these are turned ugly with the result these combine forming a giant hazard.
Unfortunate part is that it receives countless tributaries in the form of ephemerals, dirty water channels and thousands of drains that enter in it after passing the human settlement areas, discharge huge quantities of domestic and other wastes. The entire surface drains and effluents are being dumped into the river without any treatment. Filth, carcasses of dead animals, garbage and polythene collected by the sweepers from business markets, residential places is thrown directly in it. which is clearly seen floating on its surface while peeping into it from the bridges. This reflects the horrific story about the present condition of the river. Not only the effluents but also the solid wastes including other non-biodegradable items are also thrown into the river, thereby further contaminating it. The significant change is attributed to unabated inflow channels, drains and effluents from the settlements and hotels along the margins. By and large the whole sewerage of hotels and residential houses along the river and of other populations goes directly into it and this problem is securing higher proportion of health hazards in due course of time. Dumping of large heaps of cow dung on the banks that is also allowed to dry up on slanting bunds is washed down, which enriches the water with nutrients like Nitrates, Phosphates, Sulphates, chlorides etc. and results in the eutrophication of the river.
The nuisance of slaughter houses, wastage of tanning and sawmills on the banks find their way into the river and make it further polluted. Very recently the presence of obnoxious weed Azolla, a tropical plant, has infected river Jehlum. It prolifers so vigorously forming thick mats that are seen choking all the tributaries and water gates. It is a great threat to the river and its under water life (flora and fauna). It has also imparted a red colouration near stagnant places making the river ugly. The foul smell of the decayed Azolla has added to the health hazards. Pedestrians get suffocated while walking on the Bunds (the margins of the river) and the visitors hesitate to take a boat ride for visiting down town to see the old city.
No scientific work has been undertaken so far on the management and other aspects in order to find out the ways and means of its maintenance, beautification, drugging and to stop the sewerage of the whole population flanked on both of its sides which directly moves into it.
Strict orders should be implemented from SMC to sweepers of the city to be extra ordinarily careful and not to throw solid garbage directly into the river and should be penalized, if violated.
Fish market on the bridges connecting the two banks of the Jehlum should be banned as they throw all the residues and wastes directly into the river increasing its nutrition.
Dustbins with proper lids should be installed at the sensitive points on the bunds within easy reach of the pedestrians and the tourists.
Stray animals like dogs; cows should be totally restricted by raising bars to go close to the river water.
Over all scientific studies should be conducted that will reveal the extent of pollution studies in water, effects of unsanitary conditions of the boat populations, and reasons for retardation of aesthetic value of banks and over silting in the riverbed. The recommendations based on these studies will be fruitful for proper environmental planning of the river Jehlum and other water bodies in the valley.
Last year little effort was taken by the department of erosion where small stretch (only 3 km) of its marginal distance from Sonawar to Dubji ghat was renovated by constructing retaining walls. Surely it has helped in the removal of scrap stores on the banks by Hanjis which was blemish on the face of Srinagar city, but is not enough. Water Pollution is there, no attention is paid towards the grave problem. The river has been so much strangulated below dubji ghat to Chattabal that it is impossible to loosen the grip, if strong steps are not taken. Why should not the concerned department take firm actions to demolish the illegal residential and other business complexes from both the banks of the river? Gone are those spaces and ghats where we school children used to wait and wave our hands with flags, in coloured beautiful uniforms along with our teachers to the dignitaries that used to move down town as Daryave Jaloos (water parade) from Chattabal (vir) to Lal chowk. Thus there is impending need to investigate pollution aspects of the river Jehlum, the base line data that would be available would help us to devise ways to check pollution in the river and further strengthen recreation facilities and remove high silt loads.
(Dr. A. Majeed Kak, 63, was born and in Nowhatta, Srinagar. He received his primary education from the Government Middle School in Nowhatta and his secondary school education from Bagi Dilawar Khan Higher Secondary School in Fateh Kadal. He completed his college education at the Islamia College of Science and Commerce in Srinagar. In 1977 he was the first candidate from the University of Kashmir to be selected by the University Grants Commission (UGC) of the Government of India for a doctoral research scholarship at the university leading to a Ph.D. in Botany in 1980. He is currently the Research Coordinator in the Department of Botany at the Islamia College of Science and Commerce in Srinagar. Dr. Kak has over 35 years of teaching experience and research experience of over 25 years. He has received numerous research awards resulting in publication of 70 research papers and has authored two books on Botany. He is presently engaged in promoting and strengthening local and regional museums, a project supported by a grant from the Ministry of Culture, New Delhi.)
River Jehlum – Approaching Nalla Mar, Can we Conserve it?
River Jehlum locally called Veth or Vatasta, originates from Verinag, a beautiful large spring at the foot hill of Pir Panchal range, 5 Km away from Banihall Jawahar tunnel. The crystal clear deep blue water is swift but calm bubbling up, without noise, coming out from an octagonal basin surrounded by brick wall with a number of attractive vaults, constructed by Jahangir, the Mughal emperor in 1620 A.D. River Jehlum passes through the major districts and towns of the Kashmir province viz; Anantnag, Srinagar and Baramulla, covering a distance of about 175 km and ultimately enters Pakistan occupied part of Kashmir where it is famous as Kashur Daraya. Presently Srinagar City from Pantha chowk to Shalateng (20 Km) is densely populated on the two banks of the river Jehlum that passes through it in a zigzag manner, indicating that the river was the life to the city dwellers. It was used for enormous navigation, community bathing, drinking and other domestic purposes and for aquatic sports (to a little extent). There was no water supply scheme in Srinagar a few decades before except Harwan water reservoir supplying water to some public posts in the city. So the Jehlum water was the only source for drinking purpose. Besides, the river was main source of navigation from one district to the other and to the different areas within the same district through artificial and natural channels. Now a days the water of Jehlum is so unhealthy that hardly anybody desires even to wash his hands and the feeding channels are either filled, dried or squeezed, that nobody can imagine of water transport. The present rate of pollution from inflowing drains, dropping of refuse of the shops of business centers and that of whole city from bridges connecting two flanks of the river. Insanitary conditions of houseboats etc. is increasing and becoming a source of environmental hazard.
A good population of the people living along the banks of the river Jehlum is engaged in house boat industries. Many of them are still living in their Khuch (small one storied boats), used to carry loads and sell many other commodities within the interior city, or in Doongas (an attractive large, double storied boats well decorated used for the tourists). Many of them still live in dingy rooms, unsanitary and unhealthy huts encroached on the little spaces available along the banks of the river Jehlum, dealing with scraps, wastes and thrown outs from the markets or houses; selling hay grass, fodders, lumber etc which is piled or dumped near the banks close to their huts, making water and the whole area around unhealthy. Stray animals move freely on the banks easing any where they like, which is washed down in to the water. At many places good population of the tourists living in house boats further supplement the pollution problem in the river.
Let us remind ourselves about the origin of this great river and the number of crystal clear mountain streams, springs in the form of Nallas and rivers joining it at various junctions. The prominent ones are Brangi nalla, Arpat, Kokarnag, Achabal and the most important one is the Lidder nalla which comes from tarsar, all these tributaries are joining the river Jehlum above Khanabal, (district Anantnag). Few streams from Tral area joining it at Pampore after irrigating a vast area. River Sind most important river from Sonamerg joins it at shadipur and the last tributary after it passes into Delta (Wular Lake) it receives Pohru stream which drains the lolab valley and enters Jehlum at Dubgam. Lake Manasbal also drains its water in Jehlum. All these sources are so natural when they are borne, but as they proceed, because of biotic interference these are turned ugly with the result these combine forming a giant hazard.
Unfortunate part is that it receives countless tributaries in the form of ephemerals, dirty water channels and thousands of drains that enter in it after passing the human settlement areas, discharge huge quantities of domestic and other wastes. The entire surface drains and effluents are being dumped into the river without any treatment. Filth, carcasses of dead animals, garbage and polythene collected by the sweepers from business markets, residential places is thrown directly in it. which is clearly seen floating on its surface while peeping into it from the bridges. This reflects the horrific story about the present condition of the river. Not only the effluents but also the solid wastes including other non-biodegradable items are also thrown into the river, thereby further contaminating it. The significant change is attributed to unabated inflow channels, drains and effluents from the settlements and hotels along the margins. By and large the whole sewerage of hotels and residential houses along the river and of other populations goes directly into it and this problem is securing higher proportion of health hazards in due course of time. Dumping of large heaps of cow dung on the banks that is also allowed to dry up on slanting bunds is washed down, which enriches the water with nutrients like Nitrates, Phosphates, Sulphates, chlorides etc. and results in the eutrophication of the river.
The nuisance of slaughter houses, wastage of tanning and sawmills on the banks find their way into the river and make it further polluted. Very recently the presence of obnoxious weed Azolla, a tropical plant, has infected river Jehlum. It prolifers so vigorously forming thick mats that are seen choking all the tributaries and water gates. It is a great threat to the river and its under water life (flora and fauna). It has also imparted a red colouration near stagnant places making the river ugly. The foul smell of the decayed Azolla has added to the health hazards. Pedestrians get suffocated while walking on the Bunds (the margins of the river) and the visitors hesitate to take a boat ride for visiting down town to see the old city.
No scientific work has been undertaken so far on the management and other aspects in order to find out the ways and means of its maintenance, beautification, drugging and to stop the sewerage of the whole population flanked on both of its sides which directly moves into it.
Strict orders should be implemented from SMC to sweepers of the city to be extra ordinarily careful and not to throw solid garbage directly into the river and should be penalized, if violated.
Fish market on the bridges connecting the two banks of the Jehlum should be banned as they throw all the residues and wastes directly into the river increasing its nutrition.
Dustbins with proper lids should be installed at the sensitive points on the bunds within easy reach of the pedestrians and the tourists.
Stray animals like dogs; cows should be totally restricted by raising bars to go close to the river water.
Over all scientific studies should be conducted that will reveal the extent of pollution studies in water, effects of unsanitary conditions of the boat populations, and reasons for retardation of aesthetic value of banks and over silting in the riverbed. The recommendations based on these studies will be fruitful for proper environmental planning of the river Jehlum and other water bodies in the valley.
Last year little effort was taken by the department of erosion where small stretch (only 3 km) of its marginal distance from Sonawar to Dubji ghat was renovated by constructing retaining walls. Surely it has helped in the removal of scrap stores on the banks by Hanjis which was blemish on the face of Srinagar city, but is not enough. Water Pollution is there, no attention is paid towards the grave problem. The river has been so much strangulated below dubji ghat to Chattabal that it is impossible to loosen the grip, if strong steps are not taken. Why should not the concerned department take firm actions to demolish the illegal residential and other business complexes from both the banks of the river? Gone are those spaces and ghats where we school children used to wait and wave our hands with flags, in coloured beautiful uniforms along with our teachers to the dignitaries that used to move down town as Daryave Jaloos (water parade) from Chattabal (vir) to Lal chowk. Thus there is impending need to investigate pollution aspects of the river Jehlum, the base line data that would be available would help us to devise ways to check pollution in the river and further strengthen recreation facilities and remove high silt loads.
Fissures in Kashmir's Pluralism
Is Sajjad on a roll harping on perceived injustices meted to a hegemonic religious majority or is it another example of regional imbalances in Jammu and Kashmir?
(Mr. Sajjad Bazaz, 45, was born in Srinagar. He attended the Khalsa high school and the Sri Pratap College in Srinagar. He received his bachelor's degree in Media and his master's degree in Mass Communication and Journalism from the University of Kashmir. Mr. Bazaz has over two decades of experience in journalism (both print & electronic), and he is author of the book "Bankwatch" which is about a financial scenario with particular reference to the J&K state. He is currently incharge of corporate communications department in a leaduing financial instution in J&K. Mr. Bazaz likes to spend leisure time watching movies and enjoying company of his friends.)
Leh is not Ladakh
Balanced economic development in three regions of the state – Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh - has always remained a critical issue. The level of imbalance is easily visible. In other words regional imbalance here is an old talk now where one region has been developing at least economically at the cost of other regions. There is no comparison between Kashmir and other two regions. In the backdrop of projecting Kashmir as an insignificant destination for investment, Jammu and Ladakh have been provided gains and these regions progressed by leaps and bounds.
Whenever investment opportunities in J&K have been discussed at any forum, the authorities have lost no time to project Jammu province while intentionally ignoring the huge unexplored economic potential of Kashmir. We have witnessed large chunk of economic packages meant for the development of Kashmir diverted to Jammu and Ladakh and Kashmiris forced to allow it to happen as mute spectators.
Without going into the details of discriminations which the valley has been meted out when compared with other two regions, let us have a look at the imbalances of the growth even within one region, where one area in the region is suffering for want of even basic needs. Yes, I am talking about Ladakh region where Muslim dominated Kargil district faces discrimination on all fronts and Buddhist dominated Leh has become a priority of the powers at New Delhi as well as at the state level.
The developmental programmes of the Ladakh region have been confined to the Buddhist dominated Leh district. Precisely, economic imbalance between the two districts has been deeply rooted in the region where Kargil has been at the receiving end.
In other words unique topography, remote location, extreme climatic conditions, backward, tribal Muslim populated area and sensitivity due to its border with Pakistan have all made Kargil district in Ladakh region less preferred and less frequented. The district is yet to get its just share of prominence and better opportunities for development. All round development required to improve the quality of life, secure future and above all boost the morale of the totally already disillusioned population continues to remain as a dream. The reason which appears is simply being a Muslim dominated district in the region.
Transporation is one of the most sensitive issues, as Kargil remains cut off from rest of the world for over 7 months a year due to extreme climatic conditions. The only way to reach during this period is air route. Even as Kargil is having an airport, it’s in bad shape craving for upgradation, extensive rejuvenation, expansion and repair works which is pending for a decade now. The runway having current length of 6000 ft needs to be expanded by another 3000 fts so that commercial flights land here. But who cares. As of now only the army flights are being operated. One fails to understand why the authorities are denying private airliners to operate between srinagar – Kargil and jammu – kargil flights. A small aircraft like a fifty seater ATR operating in North Eastern states is the only viable immediate solution to link this remote and sensitive district with rest of the world.
Both, state and the central governments have failed to demonstrate the moral right to govern by giving priority to peoples right and address to the basic issues of economic development even of ordinary nature in the district. Decades old demand of construction of a tunnel across Zojila pass is pending. This is the sole link between Ladakh region and the Kashmir. For about six months the Zojila pass remains snow bound but if a tunnel is constructed across this stretch, it can go a long way to ameliorate the sufferings. It will not only reduce distances but also save time. A proposal costing about Rs.600 crores stands submitted but is pending with military operations.
Basically Zojila tunnel project of around 15 kms in length connecting Ladakh and Kashmir was conceived for free and easy movement of civilian and defence traffic and goods especially during the extreme climatic months when Kargil remains cut off from the main land. The project was approved and in March 2007, Zojila tunnel having 12 kms length at a cost of Rs.1333.00 cr was approved in principle in Lok Sabha. Even global tenders were invited for the project in the same year.
The tunnel will result in a sea change in socio-economic development of the whole Ladakh region in addition to important strategic interest of the Kargil and Leh district. Even it will result in saving crores of rupees, currently being spent for air maintenance and winter stocking of the region both by the army and the civil administration.
Restoring the Khurbathang plateau, which is under army, is yet another huge issue. Even as it was agreed by the army to hand over the Plateau to the local administration after accepting the sanctioned and allocated compensation of Rs.50 lacs, it is yet to be handed over to the administration by the army. Field firing range from Khurbathang Plateau has disturbed the environmental life as well as causing damage to the nearby buildings due to high vibrations. The precious vegetation including herbal and medicinal plants have seriously been affected and are almost facing imminent extinction. The people are not even able to take their cattle for grazing in the hill slopes and this has affected their livelihood. The peoples’ demand to shift the field firing range too has fallen on deaf ears.
Both state and the central governments have failed to demonstrate the moral right to govern by giving priority to peoples’ right and address to the basic issues of economic development even of ordinary nature in the district. While as it is vice versa in the case of Leh. Last week India observed 10th Kargil ‘Vijay Diwas’ – a ritual to pay homage to the Indian soldiers who became victim of the high altitude warfare in mountainous terrain of Kargil in 1999. On one hand, Governments, both State and central, have been projecting the ‘incredible’ role of the people of Kargil in Kargil 1999 war, on the other when it comes to the developmental and economic packages, they turn their blind eye to the district. Kargil has been used for stirring up nationalism across India, but at the cost of the subjects living in the district. Authorities must shun bias and allow Kargil to be the main gateway to the moon land.
(Mr. Sajjad Bazaz, 45, was born in Srinagar. He attended the Khalsa high school and the Sri Pratap College in Srinagar. He received his bachelor's degree in Media and his master's degree in Mass Communication and Journalism from the University of Kashmir. Mr. Bazaz has over two decades of experience in journalism (both print & electronic), and he is author of the book "Bankwatch" which is about a financial scenario with particular reference to the J&K state. He is currently incharge of corporate communications department in a leaduing financial instution in J&K. Mr. Bazaz likes to spend leisure time watching movies and enjoying company of his friends.)
Leh is not Ladakh
Balanced economic development in three regions of the state – Jammu, Kashmir and Ladakh - has always remained a critical issue. The level of imbalance is easily visible. In other words regional imbalance here is an old talk now where one region has been developing at least economically at the cost of other regions. There is no comparison between Kashmir and other two regions. In the backdrop of projecting Kashmir as an insignificant destination for investment, Jammu and Ladakh have been provided gains and these regions progressed by leaps and bounds.
Whenever investment opportunities in J&K have been discussed at any forum, the authorities have lost no time to project Jammu province while intentionally ignoring the huge unexplored economic potential of Kashmir. We have witnessed large chunk of economic packages meant for the development of Kashmir diverted to Jammu and Ladakh and Kashmiris forced to allow it to happen as mute spectators.
Without going into the details of discriminations which the valley has been meted out when compared with other two regions, let us have a look at the imbalances of the growth even within one region, where one area in the region is suffering for want of even basic needs. Yes, I am talking about Ladakh region where Muslim dominated Kargil district faces discrimination on all fronts and Buddhist dominated Leh has become a priority of the powers at New Delhi as well as at the state level.
The developmental programmes of the Ladakh region have been confined to the Buddhist dominated Leh district. Precisely, economic imbalance between the two districts has been deeply rooted in the region where Kargil has been at the receiving end.
In other words unique topography, remote location, extreme climatic conditions, backward, tribal Muslim populated area and sensitivity due to its border with Pakistan have all made Kargil district in Ladakh region less preferred and less frequented. The district is yet to get its just share of prominence and better opportunities for development. All round development required to improve the quality of life, secure future and above all boost the morale of the totally already disillusioned population continues to remain as a dream. The reason which appears is simply being a Muslim dominated district in the region.
Transporation is one of the most sensitive issues, as Kargil remains cut off from rest of the world for over 7 months a year due to extreme climatic conditions. The only way to reach during this period is air route. Even as Kargil is having an airport, it’s in bad shape craving for upgradation, extensive rejuvenation, expansion and repair works which is pending for a decade now. The runway having current length of 6000 ft needs to be expanded by another 3000 fts so that commercial flights land here. But who cares. As of now only the army flights are being operated. One fails to understand why the authorities are denying private airliners to operate between srinagar – Kargil and jammu – kargil flights. A small aircraft like a fifty seater ATR operating in North Eastern states is the only viable immediate solution to link this remote and sensitive district with rest of the world.
Both, state and the central governments have failed to demonstrate the moral right to govern by giving priority to peoples right and address to the basic issues of economic development even of ordinary nature in the district. Decades old demand of construction of a tunnel across Zojila pass is pending. This is the sole link between Ladakh region and the Kashmir. For about six months the Zojila pass remains snow bound but if a tunnel is constructed across this stretch, it can go a long way to ameliorate the sufferings. It will not only reduce distances but also save time. A proposal costing about Rs.600 crores stands submitted but is pending with military operations.
Basically Zojila tunnel project of around 15 kms in length connecting Ladakh and Kashmir was conceived for free and easy movement of civilian and defence traffic and goods especially during the extreme climatic months when Kargil remains cut off from the main land. The project was approved and in March 2007, Zojila tunnel having 12 kms length at a cost of Rs.1333.00 cr was approved in principle in Lok Sabha. Even global tenders were invited for the project in the same year.
The tunnel will result in a sea change in socio-economic development of the whole Ladakh region in addition to important strategic interest of the Kargil and Leh district. Even it will result in saving crores of rupees, currently being spent for air maintenance and winter stocking of the region both by the army and the civil administration.
Restoring the Khurbathang plateau, which is under army, is yet another huge issue. Even as it was agreed by the army to hand over the Plateau to the local administration after accepting the sanctioned and allocated compensation of Rs.50 lacs, it is yet to be handed over to the administration by the army. Field firing range from Khurbathang Plateau has disturbed the environmental life as well as causing damage to the nearby buildings due to high vibrations. The precious vegetation including herbal and medicinal plants have seriously been affected and are almost facing imminent extinction. The people are not even able to take their cattle for grazing in the hill slopes and this has affected their livelihood. The peoples’ demand to shift the field firing range too has fallen on deaf ears.
Both state and the central governments have failed to demonstrate the moral right to govern by giving priority to peoples’ right and address to the basic issues of economic development even of ordinary nature in the district. While as it is vice versa in the case of Leh. Last week India observed 10th Kargil ‘Vijay Diwas’ – a ritual to pay homage to the Indian soldiers who became victim of the high altitude warfare in mountainous terrain of Kargil in 1999. On one hand, Governments, both State and central, have been projecting the ‘incredible’ role of the people of Kargil in Kargil 1999 war, on the other when it comes to the developmental and economic packages, they turn their blind eye to the district. Kargil has been used for stirring up nationalism across India, but at the cost of the subjects living in the district. Authorities must shun bias and allow Kargil to be the main gateway to the moon land.
Who Will Teach Youth the Proud and Noble History of Kashmir?
An Editorial in the Kashmir Images highlights a great injustice being done to children
Introspection Needed
Kashmir seems in for some difficult times as the graph of crime is going up and the youth of valley are behaving abnormally. It is not a normal sign when a whole generation parrots and apes cultures that are not only alien but contradictory to the aesthetic sense of our part of the world.
It is this rapid race of copying others for establishing ones identity that has rendered our budding youth vulnerable to exploitation in myriad ways. The identity crisis has proved fatal for so many nations in the past and it has equal potential even today to disrupt the binding force in a society. Why have our youths gone astray is because they are unaware of their roots and history which has instilled a sense of inferiority in them regarding everything indigenous. But perusing the pages of documented history will certainly restore their confidence in indigenous culture which once used to be copied by people far beyond our land-locked state.
Gone are the days when Kashmir used to a peaceful society as peace the most important ingredient of this society. But now it is violence allover. The Maisuma murder should have shocked us all and we should have started pondering that why “killing” has become an option for Kashmiri youth even on slightest provocation.
Studying the history of homeland has the potential to inculcate a sense of pride in the reader if it is replete with glorious instances of successes and achievements in the past. And thankfully history of Kashmir is puffed with such a stuff that can make any Kashmiri proud to belong to such a race and region that excelled in every aspect of life not far away in the past.
Today a teenager will look blankly with wide mouth if told that a Kashmiri King Lalitaditya Muktapida (8th Century) ruled over a vast territory stretching up to Bengal. The first woman Prime Minister of the world has been a Kashmiri named Dida (around 1000 A.D.). The first historian of the subcontinent was Kalhan whose Rajtarangni is referred to by Indo-Pak historians to trace their past. It is no wonder when somebody ascribes saintly status to Zainul Abidin (1420-70) for his Herculean milestones in constructing canals and improving the economic condition of his subjects by introducing handicrafts in Kashmir. Again he is also considered as the father of modern day secularism in Kashmir as his court was mostly run by Hindus.
Not only this, even one Indus Valley Civilization site has been discovered at Munda in Jammu which takes our archaeological history to 5000 years back. And as for as language is considered, it is as old as Sanskrit and much older than Urdu or Hindi which have become a craze for the new generation. No poetic composition of these languages is as old as Vakhs of Lal Ded. Kashmiri language has accepted words from many languages but never lost its basic structure. Let Kashmiri youth be introduced to their own culture and history so that they understand that violence has no space there.
Introspection Needed
Kashmir seems in for some difficult times as the graph of crime is going up and the youth of valley are behaving abnormally. It is not a normal sign when a whole generation parrots and apes cultures that are not only alien but contradictory to the aesthetic sense of our part of the world.
It is this rapid race of copying others for establishing ones identity that has rendered our budding youth vulnerable to exploitation in myriad ways. The identity crisis has proved fatal for so many nations in the past and it has equal potential even today to disrupt the binding force in a society. Why have our youths gone astray is because they are unaware of their roots and history which has instilled a sense of inferiority in them regarding everything indigenous. But perusing the pages of documented history will certainly restore their confidence in indigenous culture which once used to be copied by people far beyond our land-locked state.
Gone are the days when Kashmir used to a peaceful society as peace the most important ingredient of this society. But now it is violence allover. The Maisuma murder should have shocked us all and we should have started pondering that why “killing” has become an option for Kashmiri youth even on slightest provocation.
Studying the history of homeland has the potential to inculcate a sense of pride in the reader if it is replete with glorious instances of successes and achievements in the past. And thankfully history of Kashmir is puffed with such a stuff that can make any Kashmiri proud to belong to such a race and region that excelled in every aspect of life not far away in the past.
Today a teenager will look blankly with wide mouth if told that a Kashmiri King Lalitaditya Muktapida (8th Century) ruled over a vast territory stretching up to Bengal. The first woman Prime Minister of the world has been a Kashmiri named Dida (around 1000 A.D.). The first historian of the subcontinent was Kalhan whose Rajtarangni is referred to by Indo-Pak historians to trace their past. It is no wonder when somebody ascribes saintly status to Zainul Abidin (1420-70) for his Herculean milestones in constructing canals and improving the economic condition of his subjects by introducing handicrafts in Kashmir. Again he is also considered as the father of modern day secularism in Kashmir as his court was mostly run by Hindus.
Not only this, even one Indus Valley Civilization site has been discovered at Munda in Jammu which takes our archaeological history to 5000 years back. And as for as language is considered, it is as old as Sanskrit and much older than Urdu or Hindi which have become a craze for the new generation. No poetic composition of these languages is as old as Vakhs of Lal Ded. Kashmiri language has accepted words from many languages but never lost its basic structure. Let Kashmiri youth be introduced to their own culture and history so that they understand that violence has no space there.
Monday, August 3, 2009
Hillary, Pheran and Nigeen
Ashraf asks an interesting question: Will the Pheran Diplomacy Lead to Clean Waters? (The background article follows Ashraf's commentary.)
(Mr. Mohammad Ashraf, 66, was born and raised in Srinagar. He attended the S.P. High School and the S.P College before joining the Regional Engineering College at Naseem Bagh in Civil Engineering. However, he changed his career to adventure sports like mountaineering and skiing, completing his training at the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, Darjeeling and Gulmarg. He also completed a diploma in French language from the Alliance Française in New Delhi. He joined the J&K Tourism Department in 1973, rose to become its Director-General in 1996, and retired in 2003 after 30 years of service. He has been associated with the Adventure Sports at the national level and was recently re-elected as the Vice-President of the Indian Mountaineering Foundation, the apex body of adventure sports in India, for two years. To commend his efforts in introducing rescue measures in Kashmir Mountains, he was awarded “Merite-Alpin” by Swiss in a special function in Les Diablerets in 1993. He continues to be a member of the Governing Council of IMF and is also the President of Jammu & Kashmir Mountaineering & Hiking Club.)
The Pheran Diplomacy
Kashmiri Pheran wearing US Secretary of State may not be able to defuse what her husband called the “nuclear flashpoint” but she could at least do something concrete to save Kashmir’s environment!
Hillary Clinton during her recent visit to India was presented many gifts including a Kashmiri Pheran by Wangnoo family having handicraft show rooms in New Delhi. They claim to be her family friends. The Wangnoo family is supposed to have developed this friendship during her earlier visit in mid nineties. Even President Bill Clinton is reported to have visited their showroom in Hotel Mauraya Sheraton during his visit to India. Hillary Clinton has expressed a desire to visit the vale of Kashmir sometime in future as claimed by Manzoor Wangnoo. Apart from the beauty of its unique land, Kashmir is famous throughout the world for numerous hand made products including carpets, shawls, embroidered cloth, papier mache, wood carvings, and so on. The export of handicraft products comes third in importance in the state economy after agriculture and horticulture. Not only are the artisans of Kashmir highly skilled creating these exquisite products but even the salesmen selling these are a class apart. There are dozens of stories about their capability in selling their wares to even the most reluctant buyers. One of the leading carpet manufacturers in Kashmir had a very handsome salesman who held a record that no one whom he entertained would leave the show room without buying a carpet. I remember once accompanying a VIP along with the State Chief Minister to the show room. This particular salesman was so persuasive and convincing about the quality, history, and utility of certain carpets that even the Chief Minister bought one!
During the presentation of the Pheran, Manzoor Wangnoo is reported to have requested Hillary Clinton to extend American help in saving the fast deteriorating water bodies of Kashmir. He has been very active in trying to save Nageen Lake from further deterioration through the non-governmental organisation NALCO. There are a large number of Kashmiris both resident and non-resident who have been trying to motivate not only Americans but even the European Union for intervening in Kashmir for resolving this oldest dispute in the world. Off and on meetings are held in USA and many parts of Europe about the political future of Kashmir. However, nothing substantial seems to come out of these meetings and discourses. It is probably for the first time that a Kashmiri has approached the American Secretary of State for a non-political issue. Unfortunately, the people have not yet realised that the issue of environment especially the alarming state of the water bodies of Kashmir is as grave as the basic political problem. The uncertainty of last couple of decades has abnormally speeded up the deterioration of the water bodies. At this rate we may soon have the Kashmir’s famous lakes completely disappear. There are no two opinions that the seriousness of the environmental problems especially the state of the water bodies is so grave that both State and the Central Authorities do not possess the expertise and the resources to handle the problem. There is immediate need of an international effort to save the environment not only from further destruction but to try to restore the lakes at least to a portion of the previous glory. Given the resources by way of expertise and equipment of really gigantic proportions seen in some international companies working on mega projects, it should not be difficult to save and even restore the lakes in a couple of years. But the million dollar question is who will call in the international companies? Neither the State nor the Central Government is interested in handing over the restoration of the lake to an international consortium. This had been suggested a number of times and even such proposals had been presented to the State Cabinet. Even the Overseas Development Agency of U.K., the Austrian Government, and the World Bank had offered aid but all the offers got scuttled for some unknown reasons. All the normal approaches through various government channels in soliciting international intervention in saving Dal Lake and other water bodies have so far miserably failed. The approach through “Pheran Diplomacy” may be more novel and practical.
Keeping in view the reputation of Kashmiri salesmen in selling Kashmir’s handicrafts, it should not be a difficult job to solicit support for the noble cause of protecting Kashmir’s environment! The cause has to be sold to many other buyers as a noble venture.
The initiative taken by Manzoor Wangnoo though an individual effort could snowball into a general public demand especially by various prestigious groups espousing Kashmir’s cause. Almost after every few months Kashmir American Council is holding meetings for deliberating ways and means of moving forward in regard to the possible solutions to Kashmir problem. It seems these gatherings have been discussing every aspect of Kashmir except its fast deteriorating physical environment. It is time for all the right thinking Kashmiris within Kashmir and outside to muster every resource to save the dying Dal Lake and other water bodies including the historical Jhelum River. No doubt many agencies of the State Government and a host of non governmental organisations are engaged in saving Dal Lake, yet their efforts are so miniscule compared to gigantic proportion of the problem that the battle seems to have been already lost. One would like Kashmiris every where to wake up and make concerted efforts not only to highlight the serious problems faced by the environment in Kashmir but motivate all relevant international agencies to intervene immediately both through various governments and non-governmental organisation. Manzoor Wangnoo has taken a bold step by soliciting assistance from a foreign government for what the Government of India may as usual call an “Internal Matter”. However, merely taking the first step will not solve the problem. The effort needs persistence and one has to go all the way. Let us hope Hillary Clinton remembers Manzoor Wangnoo’s pleas and persuades concerned agencies to take some immediate action!
While trying to get external expertise and assistance we have also to remember that these water bodies have not been brought to such a pass by any foreigners. We have ourselves out of blind greed destroyed these. Our first priority should be to educate all the Kashmiris within the valley especially those living around and within these water bodies to realise the consequences of their total destruction. If these lakes disappear, Srinagar loses its charm for living and ultimately whole Kashmir suffers. It is not only the tourists who would be the losers but the entire society will face an environmental disaster. Kashmiris in general have to be woken up and motivated to take practical steps to save the lakes. If people can come out in million strong processions for the land transfer for Amarnath which was not going anywhere, why can’t they do the same for saving the lakes? If only someone could emotionally charge the residents of Srinagar for saving the lakes, we may not even need external assistance! Again the million dollar question is who can motivate and persuade local people to come out and save the lakes? Can’t our leaders from all streams at least join together for this common goal which is in the interests of all of us?
KASHMIR – ART AND ARTISTAN
Manzoor Ahmad Wangnoo
Kashmir attracts America with White House being no exception. Clintons are my loyal customers and I alone don’t take the whole credit. My family, friends and above all my artisan brothers have a moment to celebrate as Kashmir art scales a new high, Manzoor Ahmad Wangnoo writes his experiences with Clinton Family and the admiration this art has enjoyed at a global level.
My association with Hilary Clinton is more than a decade old now. It is an association of trust and loyalty between a customer and manufacturer. Of the customer who would knock at your door often in a very surprising manner. The March of 1995 was indeed a momentous occasion for me and my hard-working artisans, who burn the midnight oil in preparing quality carpets that we export to different parts of the world, including the White House. In an evening of that month, Hilary dropped in at our showroom named “National Cottage Emporium and Kashmir Mahal” at Maurya Sheraton in New Delhi to buy some carpets. She and her daughter, Chalsea, spent more than three hours at the showroom which was later reported by the New York Times as “Mid-Night Sale” while some other dailies wrote, “when Hilary spent three hours buying carpets.” The time marked the beginning of my association with her. Since then, we would receive the orders from the White House occasionally while Hilary, the then First Lady, would seek Peshmina shawls for her.
In 2002, I was in my showroom when somebody dropped in and said: “One week after, President Clinton is coming to meet you.” I could not believe it initially but it turned out to be a reality when, exactly the week after, Mr Clinton and Chalsea spent 45 minutes with me. I offered the then president a cup of traditional Kashmiri qehwa following which the president said: “Can I have another cup of kehwa” I immediately asked for another cup for him. That was an exciting moment for me and the entire family and infact the whole group of artisans as their art was being acknowledged at a global level.
The president wanted 85x85 sized carpets (7325 sq mts) but I refused to sell it for the reason that it was “our ancestral gift.” However Mr Clinton purchased some other carpet while I gifted him a copy of the Holy Qur’an and the book titled “Islam—the religion of peace.” Following this meet, the president’s senators and other dignitaries accompanying him visited our showroom continuously for two to three days and placed some orders which we directly shipped to the White House. The association continued and Mr and Ms Clinton would visit the Showroom as and when they visited India.
On 19th July 2009, Ms Clinton again visited our showroom. I presented to her a pheran on behalf of the people of Kashmir. Pertinently, a few days ago Hillary had asked India and Pakistan to take into account the aspirations of Kashmiris while finding a solution to the Kashmir dispute. Despite her hectic schedule, Hillary ensured to meet me and purchase the traditional Kashmiri handicrafts. At 10.15 pm the visibly exhausted Hillary met me and exchanged pleasantries. I presented her an embroidered red Kashmiri pheran saying it was a present on behalf of the people of Kashmir. She was so happy that she immediately put on the robe. I told her that simplicity was the hallmark of Kashmir. She was amazed after learning about the hard work put in the making of Kashmir handicrafts and was all praise for Kashmiri artisans. I also gave the visiting dignitary a Pashmina shawl as a gift on behalf of my parents. She sent greeting to me and my brothers Haji Ashraf and Abdul Saboor Wangnoo, who heads the Nigeen Lake Conservation Organization, a non-governmental organization taking care of the Nigeen Lake. I informed Hillary about the deteriorating condition of water bodies in Kashmir. She was pained to hear that lakes of Kashmir were on the verge of extinction and promised support for their revival. She even accepted my invitation to visit Kashmir saying she would love to visit the beautiful Valley. Not only this I urged her to open an emporium for Kashmiri handicrafts in the US to give a platform to the Kashmir artisans and boost our economy. I was surprised when after some days of her visit, I received a hand-written note from Hillary which read:
“Dear Mr. Manzoor. Thank you for your kindness to me, my family and our friends over the years. I am happy we found you during this trip. My best wishes to you and your family.”
Our meetings with Mr and Ms Clinton were never limited to the customer-shopkeeper relation, though it formed an important component of it. The meetings conveyed a clear message to businessmen in general and artisans in particular: That if they maintain the quality of their products, there is no end to the customers like Clintons. Presenting a shawl to Hilary Clinton may be a symbolic gesture, yet the underlying meaning cannot be overlooked. Her purchasing carpets from our showroom in 1995, then again visiting for the same purpose, then again and again, is a matter of immense satisfaction for me and my whole team of artisans, who work harder and harder with each passing day. This not only allows us to maintain the quality of our products but gives us a chance to recognize and appreciate the hard-work of the artisans. After all it’s the sweat of an artisan that result in the beauty and elegance of the product.
Moreover, Hilary Clinton’s visit to a showroom owned by a Kashmiri not only indicates the recognition of the ‘quality’ of Kashmiri carpets, but is indicative of a bigger issue of appreciation of the Kashmiri art, which has its own uniqueness and quality. Such sales and acquaintances also give us a chance to sell the quality Kashmiri art and talent “globally” in today’s globalised world.
My intention to raise the issue of water bodies before Ms Clinton was only to make her aware that the beauty of Kashmir is deteriorating with each passing day. My objective to present her a Pheran on behalf of Kashmiri people was to demonstrate our graciousness for our guests. My purpose to invite her to Kashmir was to give her an idea that Kashmiris are awaiting people like her to raise their issues, which are consuming them in day in and day out, before her. After all, some voices in the world matter a lot, if not fully and always.
All said and done. It is time for the Kashmiri artisans and businessmen to introspect and look into the broader and widened meanings and connotations of such acquaintances where we can sell our talent, our art and hospitality. However all this would not have been possible without the constant and sincere support of my brothers and parents, who have always been a source of encouragement for me when it came to my business dealings. So my heartfelt thanks to them. But this thanks giving would be incomplete if I don’t salute my Kashmiri artisans whose skill ultimately bears the fruit and we get a chance to interact and do business with the personalities like Mr and Ms Clinton. So I place on record my deep appreciation and thanks to this young skilled talent in the form of artisans. I also give credit to Mr Ihsan Mirza and Mr M Ashraf Khan (Budshah) for maintaining the quality of carpets which are ultimately recognized throughout the world.
Clintons are my loyal customers. It’s not a casual relationship that results in an occasional buying and selling. I don’t believe only in clicking a picture or two with the dignitaries to throw an impression of intimacy with them. I believe in the quality of business, quality of art. This time too Hillary visited an orphanage (as American high ups usually pay visit to widows and orphans in India). On their way they are being swarmed by the business people around to record their memories by having a few photo sessions with them. But ours is an exclusive and intimate relationship. Wherever they go in the process of their visit, but they make it a point to visit us and to buy our products.
I believe in the fame of art, not individuals. I believe in the popularity of Kashmiri skill. I trust the elegance of an artisan’s hand. He weaves magic, and it has brought him a name. Long live Kashmir art. Long live Kashmiri artisan.
(Mr. Mohammad Ashraf, 66, was born and raised in Srinagar. He attended the S.P. High School and the S.P College before joining the Regional Engineering College at Naseem Bagh in Civil Engineering. However, he changed his career to adventure sports like mountaineering and skiing, completing his training at the Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, Darjeeling and Gulmarg. He also completed a diploma in French language from the Alliance Française in New Delhi. He joined the J&K Tourism Department in 1973, rose to become its Director-General in 1996, and retired in 2003 after 30 years of service. He has been associated with the Adventure Sports at the national level and was recently re-elected as the Vice-President of the Indian Mountaineering Foundation, the apex body of adventure sports in India, for two years. To commend his efforts in introducing rescue measures in Kashmir Mountains, he was awarded “Merite-Alpin” by Swiss in a special function in Les Diablerets in 1993. He continues to be a member of the Governing Council of IMF and is also the President of Jammu & Kashmir Mountaineering & Hiking Club.)
The Pheran Diplomacy
Kashmiri Pheran wearing US Secretary of State may not be able to defuse what her husband called the “nuclear flashpoint” but she could at least do something concrete to save Kashmir’s environment!
Hillary Clinton during her recent visit to India was presented many gifts including a Kashmiri Pheran by Wangnoo family having handicraft show rooms in New Delhi. They claim to be her family friends. The Wangnoo family is supposed to have developed this friendship during her earlier visit in mid nineties. Even President Bill Clinton is reported to have visited their showroom in Hotel Mauraya Sheraton during his visit to India. Hillary Clinton has expressed a desire to visit the vale of Kashmir sometime in future as claimed by Manzoor Wangnoo. Apart from the beauty of its unique land, Kashmir is famous throughout the world for numerous hand made products including carpets, shawls, embroidered cloth, papier mache, wood carvings, and so on. The export of handicraft products comes third in importance in the state economy after agriculture and horticulture. Not only are the artisans of Kashmir highly skilled creating these exquisite products but even the salesmen selling these are a class apart. There are dozens of stories about their capability in selling their wares to even the most reluctant buyers. One of the leading carpet manufacturers in Kashmir had a very handsome salesman who held a record that no one whom he entertained would leave the show room without buying a carpet. I remember once accompanying a VIP along with the State Chief Minister to the show room. This particular salesman was so persuasive and convincing about the quality, history, and utility of certain carpets that even the Chief Minister bought one!
During the presentation of the Pheran, Manzoor Wangnoo is reported to have requested Hillary Clinton to extend American help in saving the fast deteriorating water bodies of Kashmir. He has been very active in trying to save Nageen Lake from further deterioration through the non-governmental organisation NALCO. There are a large number of Kashmiris both resident and non-resident who have been trying to motivate not only Americans but even the European Union for intervening in Kashmir for resolving this oldest dispute in the world. Off and on meetings are held in USA and many parts of Europe about the political future of Kashmir. However, nothing substantial seems to come out of these meetings and discourses. It is probably for the first time that a Kashmiri has approached the American Secretary of State for a non-political issue. Unfortunately, the people have not yet realised that the issue of environment especially the alarming state of the water bodies of Kashmir is as grave as the basic political problem. The uncertainty of last couple of decades has abnormally speeded up the deterioration of the water bodies. At this rate we may soon have the Kashmir’s famous lakes completely disappear. There are no two opinions that the seriousness of the environmental problems especially the state of the water bodies is so grave that both State and the Central Authorities do not possess the expertise and the resources to handle the problem. There is immediate need of an international effort to save the environment not only from further destruction but to try to restore the lakes at least to a portion of the previous glory. Given the resources by way of expertise and equipment of really gigantic proportions seen in some international companies working on mega projects, it should not be difficult to save and even restore the lakes in a couple of years. But the million dollar question is who will call in the international companies? Neither the State nor the Central Government is interested in handing over the restoration of the lake to an international consortium. This had been suggested a number of times and even such proposals had been presented to the State Cabinet. Even the Overseas Development Agency of U.K., the Austrian Government, and the World Bank had offered aid but all the offers got scuttled for some unknown reasons. All the normal approaches through various government channels in soliciting international intervention in saving Dal Lake and other water bodies have so far miserably failed. The approach through “Pheran Diplomacy” may be more novel and practical.
Keeping in view the reputation of Kashmiri salesmen in selling Kashmir’s handicrafts, it should not be a difficult job to solicit support for the noble cause of protecting Kashmir’s environment! The cause has to be sold to many other buyers as a noble venture.
The initiative taken by Manzoor Wangnoo though an individual effort could snowball into a general public demand especially by various prestigious groups espousing Kashmir’s cause. Almost after every few months Kashmir American Council is holding meetings for deliberating ways and means of moving forward in regard to the possible solutions to Kashmir problem. It seems these gatherings have been discussing every aspect of Kashmir except its fast deteriorating physical environment. It is time for all the right thinking Kashmiris within Kashmir and outside to muster every resource to save the dying Dal Lake and other water bodies including the historical Jhelum River. No doubt many agencies of the State Government and a host of non governmental organisations are engaged in saving Dal Lake, yet their efforts are so miniscule compared to gigantic proportion of the problem that the battle seems to have been already lost. One would like Kashmiris every where to wake up and make concerted efforts not only to highlight the serious problems faced by the environment in Kashmir but motivate all relevant international agencies to intervene immediately both through various governments and non-governmental organisation. Manzoor Wangnoo has taken a bold step by soliciting assistance from a foreign government for what the Government of India may as usual call an “Internal Matter”. However, merely taking the first step will not solve the problem. The effort needs persistence and one has to go all the way. Let us hope Hillary Clinton remembers Manzoor Wangnoo’s pleas and persuades concerned agencies to take some immediate action!
While trying to get external expertise and assistance we have also to remember that these water bodies have not been brought to such a pass by any foreigners. We have ourselves out of blind greed destroyed these. Our first priority should be to educate all the Kashmiris within the valley especially those living around and within these water bodies to realise the consequences of their total destruction. If these lakes disappear, Srinagar loses its charm for living and ultimately whole Kashmir suffers. It is not only the tourists who would be the losers but the entire society will face an environmental disaster. Kashmiris in general have to be woken up and motivated to take practical steps to save the lakes. If people can come out in million strong processions for the land transfer for Amarnath which was not going anywhere, why can’t they do the same for saving the lakes? If only someone could emotionally charge the residents of Srinagar for saving the lakes, we may not even need external assistance! Again the million dollar question is who can motivate and persuade local people to come out and save the lakes? Can’t our leaders from all streams at least join together for this common goal which is in the interests of all of us?
KASHMIR – ART AND ARTISTAN
Manzoor Ahmad Wangnoo
Kashmir attracts America with White House being no exception. Clintons are my loyal customers and I alone don’t take the whole credit. My family, friends and above all my artisan brothers have a moment to celebrate as Kashmir art scales a new high, Manzoor Ahmad Wangnoo writes his experiences with Clinton Family and the admiration this art has enjoyed at a global level.
My association with Hilary Clinton is more than a decade old now. It is an association of trust and loyalty between a customer and manufacturer. Of the customer who would knock at your door often in a very surprising manner. The March of 1995 was indeed a momentous occasion for me and my hard-working artisans, who burn the midnight oil in preparing quality carpets that we export to different parts of the world, including the White House. In an evening of that month, Hilary dropped in at our showroom named “National Cottage Emporium and Kashmir Mahal” at Maurya Sheraton in New Delhi to buy some carpets. She and her daughter, Chalsea, spent more than three hours at the showroom which was later reported by the New York Times as “Mid-Night Sale” while some other dailies wrote, “when Hilary spent three hours buying carpets.” The time marked the beginning of my association with her. Since then, we would receive the orders from the White House occasionally while Hilary, the then First Lady, would seek Peshmina shawls for her.
In 2002, I was in my showroom when somebody dropped in and said: “One week after, President Clinton is coming to meet you.” I could not believe it initially but it turned out to be a reality when, exactly the week after, Mr Clinton and Chalsea spent 45 minutes with me. I offered the then president a cup of traditional Kashmiri qehwa following which the president said: “Can I have another cup of kehwa” I immediately asked for another cup for him. That was an exciting moment for me and the entire family and infact the whole group of artisans as their art was being acknowledged at a global level.
The president wanted 85x85 sized carpets (7325 sq mts) but I refused to sell it for the reason that it was “our ancestral gift.” However Mr Clinton purchased some other carpet while I gifted him a copy of the Holy Qur’an and the book titled “Islam—the religion of peace.” Following this meet, the president’s senators and other dignitaries accompanying him visited our showroom continuously for two to three days and placed some orders which we directly shipped to the White House. The association continued and Mr and Ms Clinton would visit the Showroom as and when they visited India.
On 19th July 2009, Ms Clinton again visited our showroom. I presented to her a pheran on behalf of the people of Kashmir. Pertinently, a few days ago Hillary had asked India and Pakistan to take into account the aspirations of Kashmiris while finding a solution to the Kashmir dispute. Despite her hectic schedule, Hillary ensured to meet me and purchase the traditional Kashmiri handicrafts. At 10.15 pm the visibly exhausted Hillary met me and exchanged pleasantries. I presented her an embroidered red Kashmiri pheran saying it was a present on behalf of the people of Kashmir. She was so happy that she immediately put on the robe. I told her that simplicity was the hallmark of Kashmir. She was amazed after learning about the hard work put in the making of Kashmir handicrafts and was all praise for Kashmiri artisans. I also gave the visiting dignitary a Pashmina shawl as a gift on behalf of my parents. She sent greeting to me and my brothers Haji Ashraf and Abdul Saboor Wangnoo, who heads the Nigeen Lake Conservation Organization, a non-governmental organization taking care of the Nigeen Lake. I informed Hillary about the deteriorating condition of water bodies in Kashmir. She was pained to hear that lakes of Kashmir were on the verge of extinction and promised support for their revival. She even accepted my invitation to visit Kashmir saying she would love to visit the beautiful Valley. Not only this I urged her to open an emporium for Kashmiri handicrafts in the US to give a platform to the Kashmir artisans and boost our economy. I was surprised when after some days of her visit, I received a hand-written note from Hillary which read:
“Dear Mr. Manzoor. Thank you for your kindness to me, my family and our friends over the years. I am happy we found you during this trip. My best wishes to you and your family.”
Our meetings with Mr and Ms Clinton were never limited to the customer-shopkeeper relation, though it formed an important component of it. The meetings conveyed a clear message to businessmen in general and artisans in particular: That if they maintain the quality of their products, there is no end to the customers like Clintons. Presenting a shawl to Hilary Clinton may be a symbolic gesture, yet the underlying meaning cannot be overlooked. Her purchasing carpets from our showroom in 1995, then again visiting for the same purpose, then again and again, is a matter of immense satisfaction for me and my whole team of artisans, who work harder and harder with each passing day. This not only allows us to maintain the quality of our products but gives us a chance to recognize and appreciate the hard-work of the artisans. After all it’s the sweat of an artisan that result in the beauty and elegance of the product.
Moreover, Hilary Clinton’s visit to a showroom owned by a Kashmiri not only indicates the recognition of the ‘quality’ of Kashmiri carpets, but is indicative of a bigger issue of appreciation of the Kashmiri art, which has its own uniqueness and quality. Such sales and acquaintances also give us a chance to sell the quality Kashmiri art and talent “globally” in today’s globalised world.
My intention to raise the issue of water bodies before Ms Clinton was only to make her aware that the beauty of Kashmir is deteriorating with each passing day. My objective to present her a Pheran on behalf of Kashmiri people was to demonstrate our graciousness for our guests. My purpose to invite her to Kashmir was to give her an idea that Kashmiris are awaiting people like her to raise their issues, which are consuming them in day in and day out, before her. After all, some voices in the world matter a lot, if not fully and always.
All said and done. It is time for the Kashmiri artisans and businessmen to introspect and look into the broader and widened meanings and connotations of such acquaintances where we can sell our talent, our art and hospitality. However all this would not have been possible without the constant and sincere support of my brothers and parents, who have always been a source of encouragement for me when it came to my business dealings. So my heartfelt thanks to them. But this thanks giving would be incomplete if I don’t salute my Kashmiri artisans whose skill ultimately bears the fruit and we get a chance to interact and do business with the personalities like Mr and Ms Clinton. So I place on record my deep appreciation and thanks to this young skilled talent in the form of artisans. I also give credit to Mr Ihsan Mirza and Mr M Ashraf Khan (Budshah) for maintaining the quality of carpets which are ultimately recognized throughout the world.
Clintons are my loyal customers. It’s not a casual relationship that results in an occasional buying and selling. I don’t believe only in clicking a picture or two with the dignitaries to throw an impression of intimacy with them. I believe in the quality of business, quality of art. This time too Hillary visited an orphanage (as American high ups usually pay visit to widows and orphans in India). On their way they are being swarmed by the business people around to record their memories by having a few photo sessions with them. But ours is an exclusive and intimate relationship. Wherever they go in the process of their visit, but they make it a point to visit us and to buy our products.
I believe in the fame of art, not individuals. I believe in the popularity of Kashmiri skill. I trust the elegance of an artisan’s hand. He weaves magic, and it has brought him a name. Long live Kashmir art. Long live Kashmiri artisan.
Frequent Shutdowns Zap Economic Vitality
Frequent hartal calls by separatists take their toll on Kashmir's economy
4000 shutdowns since '89 cost Kashmir Rs 60,000 crore
Srinagar: A recent survey undertaken by some media agencies has revealed that the economy of the Kashmir Valley has suffered a loss of Rs 60,000 crore as a result of around 4000 shutdowns that have taken place during the last two decades.
The survey also points out that some “mysterious hands” are working to bring the Kashmir’s tourism industry to a grinding halt. Each individual Kashmiri has suffered an average loss of Rs 20 lakh, the survey observes.
Traders associated with the tourist trade, the hotel industry, the houseboat industry, the handicraft industry and the carpet industry have claimed that the 120 shutdowns that take place annually, has affected their livelihood drastically, so much so that a majority of them have come below the poverty line.
According to the survey, the tourism trade in other states have prospered in the same period and are now running their own helicopter services, and chains of five-star and three-star hotels.
The media survey reveals that in 1989, some of today’s Kashmir’s richest families were economically very poor, but two decades later, they have accumulated riches beyond their wildest imagination. They have become owners of huge tracts of land in their respective areas of operation.
The damage caused by the shutdowns is monumental, affecting the social, education, cultural, commercial, intellectual, philosophical, regional, scientific, sports and other sectors.
4000 shutdowns since '89 cost Kashmir Rs 60,000 crore
Srinagar: A recent survey undertaken by some media agencies has revealed that the economy of the Kashmir Valley has suffered a loss of Rs 60,000 crore as a result of around 4000 shutdowns that have taken place during the last two decades.
The survey also points out that some “mysterious hands” are working to bring the Kashmir’s tourism industry to a grinding halt. Each individual Kashmiri has suffered an average loss of Rs 20 lakh, the survey observes.
Traders associated with the tourist trade, the hotel industry, the houseboat industry, the handicraft industry and the carpet industry have claimed that the 120 shutdowns that take place annually, has affected their livelihood drastically, so much so that a majority of them have come below the poverty line.
According to the survey, the tourism trade in other states have prospered in the same period and are now running their own helicopter services, and chains of five-star and three-star hotels.
The media survey reveals that in 1989, some of today’s Kashmir’s richest families were economically very poor, but two decades later, they have accumulated riches beyond their wildest imagination. They have become owners of huge tracts of land in their respective areas of operation.
The damage caused by the shutdowns is monumental, affecting the social, education, cultural, commercial, intellectual, philosophical, regional, scientific, sports and other sectors.
A Disgraceful Act
Granted that Tanvir is a party faithful, but in this case he has a valid point
(Mr. Tanvir Sadiq, 31, was born in Srinagar and attended the Burn Hall School. He completed his Bachelor's degree in Information technology and management from Orissa University. He is the youngest Municipal Corporator of the Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC) and was elected from Zadibal Constituency. He has contributed regularly to local newspapers like the Kashmir Times, Kashmir Images, Greater Kashmir, and Kashmir Monitor. He was associated with many programs on Disaster Management of J & K and did a couple of programs on highlighting urban poverty. He is active in State politics and his interests are writing and social work.)
This is Utterly Shameful!
When my father was a legislator and I was in the school, I would frequent the Assembly very often and watch the proceedings. That was the time when you had the cream of intelligence. Most of the members were highly literate, knowledgeable and experienced. Not that everybody was docile. No, there used to be arguments and counter arguments debates were meaningful and it looked that both the opposition and the ruling party had people’s welfare at heart. At times when the heat became unbearable I would hear my dad throwing a barb or ease the tension with his customary humor. The House would burst into a loud laughter and again it would be business as usual-organized, disciplined and orderly. Members would honour the Chair, quote a rule to emphasize their point or make a peaceful walkout.
I remember a member once raising an issue and quietly taking his seat when told by the Speaker that it was sub-judice. What shocked me was Mehbooba demanding a discussion on Shopian incident when the issue is already pending before the Hon. High Court. Surely, a person of her standing who has been an MP, a legislator several times, leader of the Congress Legislature Party and her own PDP now, should have known that it was highly inappropriate and against the Rules of Procedure to demand a discussion that our highest court is seized of. Even Beg seems to have failed her on this front! I as a citizen have this right to ask, if a non state actor picks up a gun and shoots how are you any different if you dislodge the Speaker’s address system and hurl it at his head! Is it the frustration that you have been dumped by Delhi and now by the people in the recent parliamentary elections and you are desperate to retrieve some of your lost ground? It may not be very long when you will be sans People, sans Democratic and sans Party.
It was in utter disbelief to watch the proceedings of the State Assembly. Yesterday, when Mehbooba Mufti was shown approaching the Speaker menacingly and hurling the microphones and whatever she could lay her hands on. If that was ghastly today’s incident looked too juvenile. Altering Azad’s expression “a non political entity more a product of circumstances than any political acumen”- Muzaffar Hussain Beg once again flaunting a piece of paper and accusing the Chief Minister of being a part of the infamous sex scandal! Remember he had similarly accused Rather of land grab earlier, and when challenged, tendered a written apology and gone public claiming that he had been misled. With Chidambaran categorically stating that Omer’s name does not figure in the list of accused, Beg might have to beg a pardon again and eat yet another humble pie! Some people might call Omer’s reaction an emotional outburst when he announced his resignation. I think he has set a healthy precedent that few public men within or outside the state will ever emulate. It is something that has become extinct in our political system. We have politicians who will even bargain even their faith for grabbing power.
Most opposition leaders or any one among the lot would literally sell their souls for a chance at the CM's seat. Could we even imagine any previous CM resigning? Has any sitting CM ever resigned in Kashmir? The opposition has succeeded in burning-out the only CM who could make a difference in our strife-torn state, and the youth will never forgive them.
(Mr. Tanvir Sadiq, 31, was born in Srinagar and attended the Burn Hall School. He completed his Bachelor's degree in Information technology and management from Orissa University. He is the youngest Municipal Corporator of the Srinagar Municipal Corporation (SMC) and was elected from Zadibal Constituency. He has contributed regularly to local newspapers like the Kashmir Times, Kashmir Images, Greater Kashmir, and Kashmir Monitor. He was associated with many programs on Disaster Management of J & K and did a couple of programs on highlighting urban poverty. He is active in State politics and his interests are writing and social work.)
This is Utterly Shameful!
When my father was a legislator and I was in the school, I would frequent the Assembly very often and watch the proceedings. That was the time when you had the cream of intelligence. Most of the members were highly literate, knowledgeable and experienced. Not that everybody was docile. No, there used to be arguments and counter arguments debates were meaningful and it looked that both the opposition and the ruling party had people’s welfare at heart. At times when the heat became unbearable I would hear my dad throwing a barb or ease the tension with his customary humor. The House would burst into a loud laughter and again it would be business as usual-organized, disciplined and orderly. Members would honour the Chair, quote a rule to emphasize their point or make a peaceful walkout.
I remember a member once raising an issue and quietly taking his seat when told by the Speaker that it was sub-judice. What shocked me was Mehbooba demanding a discussion on Shopian incident when the issue is already pending before the Hon. High Court. Surely, a person of her standing who has been an MP, a legislator several times, leader of the Congress Legislature Party and her own PDP now, should have known that it was highly inappropriate and against the Rules of Procedure to demand a discussion that our highest court is seized of. Even Beg seems to have failed her on this front! I as a citizen have this right to ask, if a non state actor picks up a gun and shoots how are you any different if you dislodge the Speaker’s address system and hurl it at his head! Is it the frustration that you have been dumped by Delhi and now by the people in the recent parliamentary elections and you are desperate to retrieve some of your lost ground? It may not be very long when you will be sans People, sans Democratic and sans Party.
It was in utter disbelief to watch the proceedings of the State Assembly. Yesterday, when Mehbooba Mufti was shown approaching the Speaker menacingly and hurling the microphones and whatever she could lay her hands on. If that was ghastly today’s incident looked too juvenile. Altering Azad’s expression “a non political entity more a product of circumstances than any political acumen”- Muzaffar Hussain Beg once again flaunting a piece of paper and accusing the Chief Minister of being a part of the infamous sex scandal! Remember he had similarly accused Rather of land grab earlier, and when challenged, tendered a written apology and gone public claiming that he had been misled. With Chidambaran categorically stating that Omer’s name does not figure in the list of accused, Beg might have to beg a pardon again and eat yet another humble pie! Some people might call Omer’s reaction an emotional outburst when he announced his resignation. I think he has set a healthy precedent that few public men within or outside the state will ever emulate. It is something that has become extinct in our political system. We have politicians who will even bargain even their faith for grabbing power.
Most opposition leaders or any one among the lot would literally sell their souls for a chance at the CM's seat. Could we even imagine any previous CM resigning? Has any sitting CM ever resigned in Kashmir? The opposition has succeeded in burning-out the only CM who could make a difference in our strife-torn state, and the youth will never forgive them.
The Garden of Wealth
Kashmir's history comes alive with an archaeological find
Ancient Sculpture of Goddess Lakshmi Found
Ehsan Fazili (Tribune News Service)
Srinagar: A magnificent stone sculpture of Goddess Gaja Lakshmi has been discovered from an ancient spring at Nagabal Lesser village in the Kokernag area of south Kashmir.
An official spokesman said here today that the sculpture “is brilliantly carved in limestone (slightly brownish in colour) measuring nine inches in height and five inches in width. The deity is seated on a lotus throne, placed in between two lions. The main sculpture is enclosed in a stone frame and the top of which projects in the shape of elephant motifs, towards the head of the deity.”
He said, “However, the right top of the right side of the sculpture is missing. The deity is holding a lotus stuck in her right hand, cornucopia in her left hand and shown with a smiling face and wearing a very impressive dress. The deity is also shown wearing a necklace with a typical crown mostly seen in Kashmiri sculptures. The drapery covering the lower body of the sculpture does not pass through its shoulders, but passes beneath the chest of the deity within a series of folds and falls.”
“The carving and costumes of the sculpture is a pure reflection of Gandhara Art, and speaks high of the skilled craftsmanship of the ancient art of Kashmir,” the spokesman added.
He said, “The preliminary study of the sculpture dates the artifact between the sixth and seventh centuries AD and places it very near to the sculptures previously found at Bijbehara, Anantnag, Kashmir. This is the only kind of artifact found from the Lesser Kokernag area of south Kashmir so far and the presence of pottery in and around the village reveals that there had been some ancient settlements that requires further examination.”
“The State Archives Department appreciates the efforts of the police, particularly Kokernag police station, for the recovery of the artifact that shall be shortly on display in the SPS Museum, Srinagar, for the general public,” he said.
The department has appealed to the general public that whenever any treasure trove comes to their knowledge they should inform the department to ensure the safety and preservation of the cultural treasures of the state for the posterity.
Ancient Sculpture of Goddess Lakshmi Found
Ehsan Fazili (Tribune News Service)
Srinagar: A magnificent stone sculpture of Goddess Gaja Lakshmi has been discovered from an ancient spring at Nagabal Lesser village in the Kokernag area of south Kashmir.
An official spokesman said here today that the sculpture “is brilliantly carved in limestone (slightly brownish in colour) measuring nine inches in height and five inches in width. The deity is seated on a lotus throne, placed in between two lions. The main sculpture is enclosed in a stone frame and the top of which projects in the shape of elephant motifs, towards the head of the deity.”
He said, “However, the right top of the right side of the sculpture is missing. The deity is holding a lotus stuck in her right hand, cornucopia in her left hand and shown with a smiling face and wearing a very impressive dress. The deity is also shown wearing a necklace with a typical crown mostly seen in Kashmiri sculptures. The drapery covering the lower body of the sculpture does not pass through its shoulders, but passes beneath the chest of the deity within a series of folds and falls.”
“The carving and costumes of the sculpture is a pure reflection of Gandhara Art, and speaks high of the skilled craftsmanship of the ancient art of Kashmir,” the spokesman added.
He said, “The preliminary study of the sculpture dates the artifact between the sixth and seventh centuries AD and places it very near to the sculptures previously found at Bijbehara, Anantnag, Kashmir. This is the only kind of artifact found from the Lesser Kokernag area of south Kashmir so far and the presence of pottery in and around the village reveals that there had been some ancient settlements that requires further examination.”
“The State Archives Department appreciates the efforts of the police, particularly Kokernag police station, for the recovery of the artifact that shall be shortly on display in the SPS Museum, Srinagar, for the general public,” he said.
The department has appealed to the general public that whenever any treasure trove comes to their knowledge they should inform the department to ensure the safety and preservation of the cultural treasures of the state for the posterity.
A Journey of Sufferings and Inconveniences
Nadeem shares what it means to take a bus in the valley
(Mr. Nadeem Jahangir Bhat, 27, was born in Rakhi-Lajurah village in Pulwama district. He received his early education in a local private school and graduated from the Government Degree College in Pulwama. He completed his post graduate degree in the English Language and Literature from the University of Kashmir. Mr. Bhat is currently Research Scholar in the Department of English, University of Kashmir, pursuing his M.Phil degree on writings of Salman Rushdie and Post-Colonial Historiography. He also works at the Government Degree College in Pulwama as a Teaching Assistant. In his leisure time, he enjoys reading and writing poetry. He also occasionally writes for the Rising Kashmir newspaper.)
Public Transport System
Buses are the most popular mode of public transport. All sorts of people, men, women, old as well as children use this popular mode of transport. The entire time one can see people waiting for buses and getting up hurriedly. However, there is no joy involved in this journey. In fact, in this part of the world, to travel in a bus is to have the bitterest experiences on earth. The buses are mostly overloaded to the extent that people can hard afford to stand upright which makes the rides more troublesome and uncomfortable. Thus, the journey in a bus becomes a journey of sufferings and inconveniences.
The agony and the inconvenience of a bus journey is a multifarious one. It does not include only a physical suffering, but also psychological, moral and sometimes economical. It is an established fact that the drivers and conductors of buses, especially private ones, indulge regularly in overloading to earn maximum profit on a trip. In the wake of this monitory benefit, the bus operators rotate the timings of buses in such a way that commuters are forced to ride buses even when they are already overloaded. They cannot simply let go the chance off their hands fearing a long time wait for the next bus to come, overloaded the same way. Therefore, commuters irrespective of age, gender and status stuff the bus in unnatural and awkward manner. Inside the bus, apart from a few uncomfortable seats, all have to keep standing and watch helplessly as the conductor goes on packing each new passenger, stuffing the bus to his satisfaction. In spite of all the difficulties, nobody dares to question the driver or conductor fearing their rugged and uncouth behavior. It is a situation where the whole bus of passengers is virtually made hostage by the driver and his assistant. All have to be at the begging mercy of the two. The journey starts reluctantly and proceeds with frequent stops.
Eventually, the journey of a certain time is covered in more than double time with ‘passenger cum hostages’ complaining of strain and back pain at the end of it. All this inconvenience and misery is accompanied by a constant threat to life that gnaws the passengers internally. Due to overloading, the drivers often lose control over their vehicles, increasing chances of accidents and mishaps. In addition to the physical and psychological inconveniences, the passengers have to face much more. Mostly, these stuffed buses are the chosen spots of the pickpockets to thrive. Another issue of concern associated with over loading is a moral one.
Quite often, these overloaded buses become hot spots of eve teasing and other immoral acts. Every now and then, there are rows in busses with passengers accusing one another of jolting and trampling. In this way, journey in a bus become an awesome proposition full of inconvenience, risk and above all disgrace. To this problem of overloading, there are some reasons which all of us know. All types of vehicles have different carrying capacities.
Vehicles ranging from motorcycles and scooters up to trucks and buses are quite often found flouting the norms. The violation of carrying capacity makes such vehicles vulnerable to accidents and very often causes accidents. Buses have a prescribed sitting and standing capacity, but bus operators do not stick to the norms and put the lives of passengers at risk. Again, we have seen dangerously overloaded buses plying on bad roads with police and traffic officials watching like mute spectators. Sometimes, they stop the buses for checking but then something transpires between them and after a bribe of perhaps 50 or 100 rupees, the driver is given a license to play with the lives of passengers.
With each passing day, the scenario is becoming messy. The transport authorities need to take concrete steps to prevent such practice.
Unless and until, a proper seat allotment in buses is not made the common person will have to suffer endlessly. The maximum capacity of the busses must be displayed openly to keep conductors from taking more than the specified number of passengers. At the same time, reserved seats for women and elderly people must be specified. There should be proper checking in order to ensure the implementation of the order. A passenger assistance service should be set up so that when need arises, they can seek help from the authorities.
(Mr. Nadeem Jahangir Bhat, 27, was born in Rakhi-Lajurah village in Pulwama district. He received his early education in a local private school and graduated from the Government Degree College in Pulwama. He completed his post graduate degree in the English Language and Literature from the University of Kashmir. Mr. Bhat is currently Research Scholar in the Department of English, University of Kashmir, pursuing his M.Phil degree on writings of Salman Rushdie and Post-Colonial Historiography. He also works at the Government Degree College in Pulwama as a Teaching Assistant. In his leisure time, he enjoys reading and writing poetry. He also occasionally writes for the Rising Kashmir newspaper.)
Public Transport System
Buses are the most popular mode of public transport. All sorts of people, men, women, old as well as children use this popular mode of transport. The entire time one can see people waiting for buses and getting up hurriedly. However, there is no joy involved in this journey. In fact, in this part of the world, to travel in a bus is to have the bitterest experiences on earth. The buses are mostly overloaded to the extent that people can hard afford to stand upright which makes the rides more troublesome and uncomfortable. Thus, the journey in a bus becomes a journey of sufferings and inconveniences.
The agony and the inconvenience of a bus journey is a multifarious one. It does not include only a physical suffering, but also psychological, moral and sometimes economical. It is an established fact that the drivers and conductors of buses, especially private ones, indulge regularly in overloading to earn maximum profit on a trip. In the wake of this monitory benefit, the bus operators rotate the timings of buses in such a way that commuters are forced to ride buses even when they are already overloaded. They cannot simply let go the chance off their hands fearing a long time wait for the next bus to come, overloaded the same way. Therefore, commuters irrespective of age, gender and status stuff the bus in unnatural and awkward manner. Inside the bus, apart from a few uncomfortable seats, all have to keep standing and watch helplessly as the conductor goes on packing each new passenger, stuffing the bus to his satisfaction. In spite of all the difficulties, nobody dares to question the driver or conductor fearing their rugged and uncouth behavior. It is a situation where the whole bus of passengers is virtually made hostage by the driver and his assistant. All have to be at the begging mercy of the two. The journey starts reluctantly and proceeds with frequent stops.
Eventually, the journey of a certain time is covered in more than double time with ‘passenger cum hostages’ complaining of strain and back pain at the end of it. All this inconvenience and misery is accompanied by a constant threat to life that gnaws the passengers internally. Due to overloading, the drivers often lose control over their vehicles, increasing chances of accidents and mishaps. In addition to the physical and psychological inconveniences, the passengers have to face much more. Mostly, these stuffed buses are the chosen spots of the pickpockets to thrive. Another issue of concern associated with over loading is a moral one.
Quite often, these overloaded buses become hot spots of eve teasing and other immoral acts. Every now and then, there are rows in busses with passengers accusing one another of jolting and trampling. In this way, journey in a bus become an awesome proposition full of inconvenience, risk and above all disgrace. To this problem of overloading, there are some reasons which all of us know. All types of vehicles have different carrying capacities.
Vehicles ranging from motorcycles and scooters up to trucks and buses are quite often found flouting the norms. The violation of carrying capacity makes such vehicles vulnerable to accidents and very often causes accidents. Buses have a prescribed sitting and standing capacity, but bus operators do not stick to the norms and put the lives of passengers at risk. Again, we have seen dangerously overloaded buses plying on bad roads with police and traffic officials watching like mute spectators. Sometimes, they stop the buses for checking but then something transpires between them and after a bribe of perhaps 50 or 100 rupees, the driver is given a license to play with the lives of passengers.
With each passing day, the scenario is becoming messy. The transport authorities need to take concrete steps to prevent such practice.
Unless and until, a proper seat allotment in buses is not made the common person will have to suffer endlessly. The maximum capacity of the busses must be displayed openly to keep conductors from taking more than the specified number of passengers. At the same time, reserved seats for women and elderly people must be specified. There should be proper checking in order to ensure the implementation of the order. A passenger assistance service should be set up so that when need arises, they can seek help from the authorities.
Ayurvedic Medicines in Kashmir
Kalhan may have been the first to record it in the 12th Century but medicinal plants have a long history in Kashmir
MEDICINAL PLANTS OF KASHMIR
Yasar Muhammad Baba (Rising Kashmir)
The Valley of Kashmir known for its beauty all over the world is also rich in herbal and floral wealth. The interest in knowing and admiring the plants in Kashmir has existed since times immemorial. In Kalhana’s Rajtarangini (1149-50 A.D.) we find mention of preservation of plants and plant products for medicinal purposes. Huien Tsang, who visited, “Kashmir yields saffron, lenses and medicinal Plants.” Sir Walter Lawrence in his “Valley of Kashmir” has observed that “Kashmiris turn nearly every plant to some use and attribute medicinal properties to every growing thing.”
Ayurvedic medicines have been in vogue in Kashmir since early times. Dridhabala an ancient physician of Kashmir is believed to have revised “Agnivesa Sambita” a monumental work on Ayurvedic system written by Kanishka’s court physician Charaka. The medicinal properties of various plants after having been ascertained in early times passed from generation to generation as trade secrets. Now such a stage has come when the common people scarcely have knowledge of medicinal properties of these plants since modern methods of chemical treatment have replaced the old indigenous methods employed by native Hakims.
Col. Sir R.N.Chopra, pioneer of Drug Research Laboratory (established in 1942) has recorded that “nearly three-fourth of the drugs used in the pharmacopoeias of the world grow in a state of nature in Jammu and Kashmir and as many as 42 essential oil-bearing plants are grown in the State. The standard of their principles is excellent and compared with the drugs grow else-where.” I have made an attempt to enumerate the plants which possess medicinal properties. It is based on sources such as “Forest Products of Kashmir,” by S. N. Koul, the then Conservator of Forest, 1928, “Valley of Kashmir” by Sir Walter Lawrence, 1895, “Wild Flowers of Kashmir,” by B.O. Coventry, 1923, “Gazetteer of Kashmir” by Charles Ellison Bates, 1873 etc.
A brief description of some of the medicinal plants found in Kashmir:-
KUTH - Its Sanskrit name Kashmirja implies its being indigenous to Kashmir. It is about five feet long herb growing along the higher elevations particularly at Tilel, Karnah. Kuth has been used in Indian medicine since early times. Its roots when dug up are cut into pieces, and used as aromatic, stimulant, stomachic and so on. Kuth root when pounded and mixed with sessanum oil is applied to a rheumatic limb. One part of powdered root when mixed with three parts of sugar is believed to cure stomach ulcers. Kuth was largely used in China and Japan. Stewart in his book on “Punjab Plants” published in 1864 informs us that in the year 1836 nearly 7000, mounds of Kuth were exported from Kolkata to China.
VIRKUM- The plant is found commonly near Srinagar-Tragbal and other areas. Its golden yellow flowers are the earliest ones to blossom in spring in Kashmir. Its fleshy underground corn and seed are used in medicines. Seeds and corn are collected in April and May respectively. Colchicines a well known remedy for gout and rheumatism is extracted from these parts of the plant.
TETHWEN- It is a white hoary shrub abundant in Kashmir. Santonin extracted from the plant is now well known as a vermicide. In 1924, Santonin was exported from Kashmir @ Rs 720 per Kg.
PYRETHRUM- Pyrethrum could be successfully cultivated in Kashmir after a few seeds were imported from Vilinorin, Paris in 1936. In 1945 its cultivation was extended to over two thousand acres of land with the sale proceeds of its yield at about two lacs of rupees. Pyrethrum is a well known insecticide and has also been employed in destroying farm insect and pests.
JOGI BADSHAH It is called the king of plants of the Yogis. It is a six inch high rare herb found at the elevations above 13,000 feet. Its red-purple flowers blossom in September and October. The large ball of pappus at the apex of the plant when boiled in milk and drunk is said to be a tonic. A decoction of its root in milk is said to be a cure for snake-bites, plague and all women ailments.
MAHA GUNAS- It is beautiful plant about two feet high found growing at Khilan Marg. From a distance it looks like a cobra. Its tuberous roots when pounded and mixed with Vaseline are said to sooth pain. It can also be applied to boils.
BUNAFSHA- It is found throughout the Valley particularly in meadows. Its flowers are used in Unani medicine as a cooling agent and in bilious disorders. Lawrence has recorded that these tiny flowers “used to be exchanged for their weight in salt.”
KAHZABAN- It is found frequently in Gurez and other higher elevations. The plant is used in Kashmir extensively by the Hakims in fever, throat diseases etc.
MAIT-BRAND- It is found all over Kashmir forests, particularly at Gulmarg and Lolab. From the leaves and roots of this tall herbaceous plant is derived Atropine. It is a powerful sedative and reliever of pain. A liniment made from the roots is a valuable application in case of rheumatism and neuralgic pains.
HUND- It is a herb found everywhere in the Valley particularly in meadows. In Kashmir homes it is a common practice to cook its green leaves and eat as a vegetable. Also these leaves are given to mothers after they deliver a baby. It has been found useful in Jaundice, and Dyspepsia.
BUMPOSH- It is found in Dal Lake and other marshes. Its root stock is green in dysentery and its white flowers are often used by the native Hakims and diaphoretic increasing perspiration.
SHAH TAR- The plant is found common at all elevations particularly in wheat fields. Entire plant is used as blood purifier in skin diseases. Its sharbat is also given in case of fevers.
CHARI LACHHIJ- The plant is very common and its seed is utilized as an expectorant and to give strength.
KHULFA- It is found all over the Valley and is commonly used in Unani medicines. Its seeds are diuretic (Increasing flow of urine) and astringent (arresting diarrhea).
BRED MUSHIK- It is both cultivated and growing wild in the Valley. Araq distilled from its sweet scented flowers is prized as a medicine being stimulant.
VAI- It is found in lakes. The root stock when taken in large doses induces vomiting. Otherwise it is stomachic.
VANWANGAN- It is common at Gurez and Gulmarg. Its berries are eaten as fruit. While as its roots yield Podophyllum resin.
BANBALNAG- It grows at high altitudes from 8,000 to 12,000, feet especially on Gilgit road and Khilan Marg. The alkaloid named Indaconitine is derived from its tuberous roots which are collected in summer for the purpose. Aconite is one of the oldest medicines used by Physicians in India in the treatment of fever and rheumatism and as a remedy for cough, asthma and snake-bites.
Besides the aforesaid plants there are much more such as PATHIS used in diarrhea, KAODACH from the stem and bark of which is extracted Rasaut to be used in skin diseases etc. BAZAR BANG from the leaves and seeds of which is extracted Hyoscyamine, and so on. The native hakims regard Pedulivium of the leaves of commonly found willow tree, as very efficacious in Cholera.
The medicinal properties of various herbs and flowers growing in Kashmir need to be publicized so that the local inhabitants particularly villages would not let these plants fall in waste due to lack of awareness. And there is need for saving this God gifted natural resource of Kashmir from smugglers and a wide programme needs to be launched by the government for their proper retrieval and sale which can become useful for the economy of Kashmir.
MEDICINAL PLANTS OF KASHMIR
Yasar Muhammad Baba (Rising Kashmir)
The Valley of Kashmir known for its beauty all over the world is also rich in herbal and floral wealth. The interest in knowing and admiring the plants in Kashmir has existed since times immemorial. In Kalhana’s Rajtarangini (1149-50 A.D.) we find mention of preservation of plants and plant products for medicinal purposes. Huien Tsang, who visited, “Kashmir yields saffron, lenses and medicinal Plants.” Sir Walter Lawrence in his “Valley of Kashmir” has observed that “Kashmiris turn nearly every plant to some use and attribute medicinal properties to every growing thing.”
Ayurvedic medicines have been in vogue in Kashmir since early times. Dridhabala an ancient physician of Kashmir is believed to have revised “Agnivesa Sambita” a monumental work on Ayurvedic system written by Kanishka’s court physician Charaka. The medicinal properties of various plants after having been ascertained in early times passed from generation to generation as trade secrets. Now such a stage has come when the common people scarcely have knowledge of medicinal properties of these plants since modern methods of chemical treatment have replaced the old indigenous methods employed by native Hakims.
Col. Sir R.N.Chopra, pioneer of Drug Research Laboratory (established in 1942) has recorded that “nearly three-fourth of the drugs used in the pharmacopoeias of the world grow in a state of nature in Jammu and Kashmir and as many as 42 essential oil-bearing plants are grown in the State. The standard of their principles is excellent and compared with the drugs grow else-where.” I have made an attempt to enumerate the plants which possess medicinal properties. It is based on sources such as “Forest Products of Kashmir,” by S. N. Koul, the then Conservator of Forest, 1928, “Valley of Kashmir” by Sir Walter Lawrence, 1895, “Wild Flowers of Kashmir,” by B.O. Coventry, 1923, “Gazetteer of Kashmir” by Charles Ellison Bates, 1873 etc.
A brief description of some of the medicinal plants found in Kashmir:-
KUTH - Its Sanskrit name Kashmirja implies its being indigenous to Kashmir. It is about five feet long herb growing along the higher elevations particularly at Tilel, Karnah. Kuth has been used in Indian medicine since early times. Its roots when dug up are cut into pieces, and used as aromatic, stimulant, stomachic and so on. Kuth root when pounded and mixed with sessanum oil is applied to a rheumatic limb. One part of powdered root when mixed with three parts of sugar is believed to cure stomach ulcers. Kuth was largely used in China and Japan. Stewart in his book on “Punjab Plants” published in 1864 informs us that in the year 1836 nearly 7000, mounds of Kuth were exported from Kolkata to China.
VIRKUM- The plant is found commonly near Srinagar-Tragbal and other areas. Its golden yellow flowers are the earliest ones to blossom in spring in Kashmir. Its fleshy underground corn and seed are used in medicines. Seeds and corn are collected in April and May respectively. Colchicines a well known remedy for gout and rheumatism is extracted from these parts of the plant.
TETHWEN- It is a white hoary shrub abundant in Kashmir. Santonin extracted from the plant is now well known as a vermicide. In 1924, Santonin was exported from Kashmir @ Rs 720 per Kg.
PYRETHRUM- Pyrethrum could be successfully cultivated in Kashmir after a few seeds were imported from Vilinorin, Paris in 1936. In 1945 its cultivation was extended to over two thousand acres of land with the sale proceeds of its yield at about two lacs of rupees. Pyrethrum is a well known insecticide and has also been employed in destroying farm insect and pests.
JOGI BADSHAH It is called the king of plants of the Yogis. It is a six inch high rare herb found at the elevations above 13,000 feet. Its red-purple flowers blossom in September and October. The large ball of pappus at the apex of the plant when boiled in milk and drunk is said to be a tonic. A decoction of its root in milk is said to be a cure for snake-bites, plague and all women ailments.
MAHA GUNAS- It is beautiful plant about two feet high found growing at Khilan Marg. From a distance it looks like a cobra. Its tuberous roots when pounded and mixed with Vaseline are said to sooth pain. It can also be applied to boils.
BUNAFSHA- It is found throughout the Valley particularly in meadows. Its flowers are used in Unani medicine as a cooling agent and in bilious disorders. Lawrence has recorded that these tiny flowers “used to be exchanged for their weight in salt.”
KAHZABAN- It is found frequently in Gurez and other higher elevations. The plant is used in Kashmir extensively by the Hakims in fever, throat diseases etc.
MAIT-BRAND- It is found all over Kashmir forests, particularly at Gulmarg and Lolab. From the leaves and roots of this tall herbaceous plant is derived Atropine. It is a powerful sedative and reliever of pain. A liniment made from the roots is a valuable application in case of rheumatism and neuralgic pains.
HUND- It is a herb found everywhere in the Valley particularly in meadows. In Kashmir homes it is a common practice to cook its green leaves and eat as a vegetable. Also these leaves are given to mothers after they deliver a baby. It has been found useful in Jaundice, and Dyspepsia.
BUMPOSH- It is found in Dal Lake and other marshes. Its root stock is green in dysentery and its white flowers are often used by the native Hakims and diaphoretic increasing perspiration.
SHAH TAR- The plant is found common at all elevations particularly in wheat fields. Entire plant is used as blood purifier in skin diseases. Its sharbat is also given in case of fevers.
CHARI LACHHIJ- The plant is very common and its seed is utilized as an expectorant and to give strength.
KHULFA- It is found all over the Valley and is commonly used in Unani medicines. Its seeds are diuretic (Increasing flow of urine) and astringent (arresting diarrhea).
BRED MUSHIK- It is both cultivated and growing wild in the Valley. Araq distilled from its sweet scented flowers is prized as a medicine being stimulant.
VAI- It is found in lakes. The root stock when taken in large doses induces vomiting. Otherwise it is stomachic.
VANWANGAN- It is common at Gurez and Gulmarg. Its berries are eaten as fruit. While as its roots yield Podophyllum resin.
BANBALNAG- It grows at high altitudes from 8,000 to 12,000, feet especially on Gilgit road and Khilan Marg. The alkaloid named Indaconitine is derived from its tuberous roots which are collected in summer for the purpose. Aconite is one of the oldest medicines used by Physicians in India in the treatment of fever and rheumatism and as a remedy for cough, asthma and snake-bites.
Besides the aforesaid plants there are much more such as PATHIS used in diarrhea, KAODACH from the stem and bark of which is extracted Rasaut to be used in skin diseases etc. BAZAR BANG from the leaves and seeds of which is extracted Hyoscyamine, and so on. The native hakims regard Pedulivium of the leaves of commonly found willow tree, as very efficacious in Cholera.
The medicinal properties of various herbs and flowers growing in Kashmir need to be publicized so that the local inhabitants particularly villages would not let these plants fall in waste due to lack of awareness. And there is need for saving this God gifted natural resource of Kashmir from smugglers and a wide programme needs to be launched by the government for their proper retrieval and sale which can become useful for the economy of Kashmir.
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